Chemistry II- Science-Hsc Important Questions Bank-Maharashtra Board 2016

Chemistry II- Science-Hsc Important Questions Bank-Maharashtra Board

1. Chapter-8   s-and   p-   block   elements
   1. Position in   periodic   table(d   and   f),   electronic configuraTion   of   elements   and   ions
   2. Trends in   properTies-   formation   of   complexes,   as catalyst   ,   colour   and   magnetic   properties
   3.  Potassium dichromate   and   permanganate.
   4. Structures of-chromate,   dichromate,   manganate   and permanganate
   5. K2Cr2O7 andKMnO4   –   many   reactions
   6. Lanthanoid contraction,   cause,effect-   chemical   twins
   7. Comparision bet   lanthanoids   and   acticnoids
   8. No diagrams

   Chapter-9-   Coordination   compound

   1.  DefiniTions
   2.   Theories- bonding   in   coordinaTion   compounds Werner,   Sidwick,   Valence   bond,   Crystal   field,   and applicaTions   of   coord.   Compounds
   3. Nomenclature system,   isomerism
   4. ClassificaTion of   ligands   and   complexes
   5. Structures of   complexes,   magneTic   properTies
   6. Colours of   complexes,   stabilty,electrochemical series

   INORGANIC   CHEMISTRY

   • Students   should   know   the      arrangement   of   elements   in the   periodic   table   like   7   periods,   18   groups   and   S,   P,   D, f   block   elements,   their   posiTion   in   the   periodic   table.
   • S   block   and   group   13   and   14   of   P   block   you   study   in   XI std.
   • In   XII   group   15   to   18   of   P   block   and   d   and   f   block elements.
   • In   case   of   p-block   elements   anomalous   behavior   of   first element   in   the   group   15,   16,   17   and   18.   H   –   bonding   in O   –   F   and   N
   • Structures   of   acids   of   P,   S,   Cl
   • Allotropes   of   p,   s   etc
   •  Structure and   hybridizaTion   geometry   of molecules   NH3,   PCl3,   PCl5,   ClF3,   ClF5,   IF7.
   •  GradaTion in   properTies
   •   Chapter 6   –   short   note   on   different   methods of   concentraTion   /   types   of   metallurgy   and name   nad   formula   of   some   ores   /   reacTions   in the   process   of   purificaTion   –   diagrams
   •   d &   f   block   elements,
   •   Electronic configuraTion   to   write   this   use   core configuraTion
   •   e.g. for   writing   conf   of   d   block   elements   we   [Ar] number   of   unpaired   electrons   /   oxidaTion   states   / calculaTion   of   magneTic   moment   /   lanthanoid contracTion   chemical   twins   /   diference   between lanthanoids   and   actinoids   reacTions   etc.
   • CoordinaTion compounds
   •   HybridizaTion, geometry,   classificaTion   of   ligands, complexes   and   isomerism

   Chapter-10-Halgogen   derivaTives   of alkanes   and   arenes

   1.   ClassificaTion, nomenclature   system-structure names
   2. Reactions-Prep./ Properties-Finkelstein,   Swarts, G.R.,   Williamson’s,   Mrkwnikof’s   rule,   Wurtz, Sandmeyer,   Wurtz-   Fittig.   OpTical   aticvity,   R   and   S configuraTion
   3. Mechanism-SN1, SN2
   4. Resonating structures-chlorobenzene,   o-nitro chlorobenzene,   p-nitro   chlorobenzene
   5.  Uses

   Chapter-11   Alcohols,   phenols   and ethers

   1.   Alcohols-classificaTion, nomenclature(ending-   ol), prep.-hydrolysis,   hydraTion   and   hydroboraTion (alkenes),   reducTion(c=o),   G.R.   ,   properTies-   sodium, esterificaTion,   HX,   oxidaTion
   2. Phenols-classificaTion, nomenclature,   prep,   prop- Kolbe’s,   Riemer-Tiemann   reacTions,distinguishing   test
   3. Ethers-classificaTion, nomenclature-alkoxy   derivaTives of   higher   alkanes,prep,properTies
   4. Mechanism- hydraTion   of   alkene   and   acTion   of   HI   on alcohols
   5. Resonating structures-phenol   and   phenoxide   ion

   Chapter-12   Aldehydes,   ketones   and carboxylic   acids

   1.  Aldehydes ending   ‘al’   ketones   ‘one’
   2. Prep- oxidaTion   of   alcohols,hydrolysis-geminal dihalides,   hydraTion   of   alkynes,   from   Ca   salts of   fatty   acids,   alkyl   nitrile-Stephen   reacTion, from   esters,   nitrile   and   GR,   Etard   reacTion-alkyl   benzene,   Gatterman-Koch   reacTion-   from   benzene,   Friedel   Crafts   reacTion,   Rosenmund reducTion   of   acyl   chloride
   3.   ProperTies- AddiTion   reacTions-HCN,   NaHSO3, alcoholNH3   and   its   derivaTives.
   4. ReducTion- Clemmensen,   Wolf-   Kishner   and with   Mg   –   pinacol   formaTion
   5. Oxidation of   ald.   Fehlings   soluTion,Tollens reagent,Schif’s   base
   6.  Halform, aldol   condensaTion,   crossed aldol,Cannizzaro’s,Crossed Cannizzaro’s,nitraTion   of   aromaTic   ald./   ket
   7.   Carboxylic acid-   ClassificaTion,   nomenclature-ending   ‘oic   acid’
   8.  Prep- oxid   of-   alc   and   alkyl   benzene,   dry   ice   and G.R.,   hyd   of-   cyanides/acyl   chloride/acid anhydride/esters
   9.   Prop- ReacTions   with   Na,   NaOH,Na2CO3, NaHCO3,alc,   reducTion   ,decarboxylaTion,   alpha halgenaTion   (Hell-   Vohlard-   Zelinsky reacTion),nitraTion   of   aryl   acids   at   m-posiTion,FormaTion   of   anhydride,   amide
   10.   Acidity-Carboxylic acids   phenols
   11.   InducTive effect   -electron   releasing   gr decreases   acid   strength,   electron   withdrawing increases   acid   strength.   SubstituTion   at   alpha-more   effecTive
   12.  Mechanism- formaTion   of   ester   in   acid/base medium
   13.   Resonating structures-   carboxylate   ion   and acid

   Chapter-13 Compounds   containing nitrogen

   1.   Nitro compounds-   prep,   prop-   tautomerism   (nitro   and isonitroform   in   presence   of   base)   Nef   carbonyl   synthesis(formaTion   of   ald/ket)
   2. Amines- classificaTion-1,2,3   degree,   nomenclature ending’amine’.   Prep-   Gabriel   phthalimide   synthesis, Hofmann   bromamide   degradaTion.   Prop-   basic   nature,   reacTion-   nitrous   acid,acylaTion,   Hofmann’s-exhausTive alkylaTion/carbyl   amine   test/eliminaTion,   Hinsberg’s   test,aryl   amines-   brominaTion,   nitraTion,sulphonaTion
   3.  Resonating structure-   aniline,arene   benzene   diazonium   ion
   4. Diazonium   salts   prep,   prop-   Sandmeyer,   Gaqermann,   Balz- Schiemann   reacTions,   azo-   coupling

   Chapter-14   Biomolecules

   1.   Carbohydrates-classificaTion, prep,prop,   ring structures   of   glucose,   fructose,   sucrose,   maltose,   cellobiose,   lactose,   starch,   cellulose   and   glycogen.
   2. Proteins- classificaTion-   alpha   amino   acids   and proteins;   peptide   linkage,structure   of   proteins
   3. Enzymes,Lipids- classificaTion   and   funcTions
   4. Hormones,Vitamins-classificaTion, examples
   5. Nucleic acids-   RNA,DNA,   bases,   nucleoside,nucleotide.

   Chapter-15   Polymers

   1.   ClassificaTion based   on-   source,   structure,polymerisaTion   process,   molecular   forces,   growth polymerisaTion
   2.   Chain growth(addiTion)-mechanism   of   free radical   polymerisaTion,   prep   of   low   density polymer(LDPE),   HDPE,   polyacrylonitrile(PAN)/orlon,   teflon(PTFE)
   3.  Step growth(condensaTion)-Nylon-6,6; nylon-6,terylene/   polyester/dacron,   novolac, bakelite(formaldehyde-   phenol),   urea formaldehyde,   melamine
   4.   Natural rubber   cis-1,4-polyisoprene,   Guqa- percha-trans   isomer,   vulcanizaTion   of   rubber.
   5.   SyntheTic rubbers-   Buna-S/   styrene   butadiene rubber(SBR),   Buna-N(acrylo   nitrile   and1,3- butadiene,   Neoprene(2-chlorobuta-1,3-diene), Butyl   rubber(isobutylene   and   isoprene)
   6.  Biodegradable polymers-PHBV(polyhydroxy butyrate-co-beta-   hydroxy   valerate)   from   3- hydroxy   butanoic   and   3-pentanoic   acids, Dextron(lactic  and   glycollic   acids),Nylon-2- nylon-6(glycine   and   -E   amino   caproic   acid)

   Chapter-16   Chemistry   in   everyday   life

   1.   ClassificaTion of   drugs   ,   acTion   of   drugs   on   targets
   2.   Chemicals in   medicines-   analgesics-prep   of aspirin,   tranquilizers,   antimicrobials(antibioTics and   antisepTics,   antifertility   drugs,   antacids   and antihistamines
   3. Chemicals in   food-   physical   and   chemical methods,   artificial   sweetening agents,antioxidents
   4. Cleansing agents-   soaps   and   detergents

   ORGANIC   CHEMISTRY

   •   The basic   of   all   organic   chemistry   is   knowing the   structures   and   their   common   and   IUPAC name   of   some   basic   organic   compounds.   As   in XII   quesTion   paper   there   are   no   structures except   give   IUPAC   name
   •   There are   reacTions   if   you   write   formula wrong   the   reacTion   will   be   wrong.
   • 3 Marks   quesTion   can   be   asked   on   3   method of   preparaTion,   3   reacTions,   mechanism, resonating   structures   etc.
   •   There are   some   reacTions   which   are   named   by names   of   scientist.   They   are   asked   for   2-3   marks,   like   Saytzef’s   rule,   Markownikof’s rule,   Wurtz   reacTion,   Stephen   reacTion, Gaqermann   reacTion,   Cannizaro   reacTion, Fehlings   soluTion,   Suzurts   reacTions   etc.
   •   Always remember   the   reagents   used   in   the reacTions   for   conversion   of   FuncTional   groups.Make   a   table   for   reagents   and   which FuncTional   group   is   tionverted   to   what.
   • For reacTions   when   you   write   in   XII   exam without   writing   reagents   no   marks   for reacTion.   Organic   chemistry   is   full   of   reacTions there   is   a   instrucTion   for   writing   correct   and balanced   reacTions   wherever   necessary.Hence   study   reacTions   by   heart   and   you   can remember   then   only   by   praticing.   So   write each   reacTion   on   the   paper,   don’t   study reacTions   only   by   reading.
   •  Long quesTions   for   4   marks   in   7   marks quesTion   can   be   asked   on   SN1   /   SN2   mechanism,   aldol   condensaTion   etc.
   •   The science   is   to   the   point   only   use   HSC   board book.   Write   always   quesTion   number   and   its   sub- quesTions   as   times   due   to   some   printing   mistake you   may   get   attempt   of   quesTion   marks.
   • QuesTion of   7   marks   is   always   a   fusion   quesTion.There   is   no   internal   opTion.
   • If in   the   quesTion   it   is   written   explain,   then   ½ mark   for   writtng   explanaTion   and   ½   for   writtng reacTion
   •   MCQ solve   only   once,   if   you   write   answers   again 2nd   or   3rd   time,   then   that   part   won’t   be   corrected and   it   will   be   written   as   repeated.
   • Possible isomer   of   some   lower   compounds   up to   5/6   carbons   students   should   know
   •   No Gillingham   diagram   to   draw,   No   big numericals   on   chemical   KineTics   (Prob   20,   21,22
   •   Maltose, cellobiose,   starch   cellulose,   DNA,RNA   structures   will   not   be   asked
   •   These are   all   for   understanding   its   significance
   •   QuesTion paper   will   have   quesTions   on knowledge,   understanding,   applicaTions   and skill   along   with   some   HOTS   quesTions.

   Let’s try to make this a two way exercise. While we gather the question banks, you might have some inputs on this too! Please use the comments box below and post questions that you think are important from your analysis. It would help the HSC community a lot.

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