In the lanthanoids, 4f and 5d subshells are very close in energy. The outermost 6s-orbital remains filled with two electrons (6s2) . The electrons can easily jump from 4f to 5d or vice-versa. Further, irregularities in electronic configurations are also […]
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What are f-block elements?
i. The elements in which the last electron enters into (n–2) f-orbital of the atoms are called f-block elements. ii. In these elements, the last electron enters in to the prepenultimate (n–2) shell (called antepenultimate). iii. The general valence electronic […]
State the characteristics of interstitial compounds.
Characteristics of interstitial compounds: i. The chemical properties of interstitial compounds are similar to those of the parent transition metal. ii. They are hard and lustrous. iii. They exhibit electrical and thermal conductivity. iv. They have melting points higher than […]
Define ionization enthalpy. Explain the trends observed in the ionization enthalpies of the d-block elements.
Definition of ionization enthalpy. Ionization enthalpy is defined as the amount of energy required to remove the outermost electron completely from a gaseous atom in its ground state. Explanation of ionization enthalpies of the d-block elements. i. The ionization enthalpies of […]
Why are Cr, Mo and W hard metals while Zn, Cd and Hg are not very hard metals?
i. The d-orbitals containing unpaired electrons may overlap to form covalent bonds which are responsible for the hardness. ii. As the number of unpaired electrons increases, the number of covalent bonds and the strength of the metallic bonds increases. The […]
State the general characteristics of transition elements or d-block elements
Characteristics of transition elements: i. Most of the transition elements are metals and thereby they show metallic properties such as ductility, malleability, electrical conductivity, high tensile strength and metallic luster. ii. Except mercury which is liquid at room temperature, other transition […]
Explain the position of d-block elements in the periodic table.
Position of d-block elements in the periodic table: i. The d-block elements lie in between s- and p-block elements, i.e., these elements are located in the middle part of the periodic table. ii. The d-block elements are present in 4th […]